round bottom flask. A greenish-white residue was left over, coming out to weigh .25 g 7.) In later testing our caffeine product melted completely at 230 degrees A well characterized salt of caffeine is caffeine salicylate formed by using salicylic acid. The weight of the extracted crude caffeine was 0.264 grams. Extraction is a method used for the separation of organic compounds from a mixture of compounds. This value has no relation to the purity of caffeine. Remove the beaker from the hot plate and remove the boiling stick. Press the tea bags with a clean cork to express as much liquid as possible without breaking the bag and transfer this liquid to the 50 ml Erlenmeyer flask also. Rinse the leaves with 50 mL of water. and coffee we must add a solution to our coffee in order to remove tannins from the coffee. Add 20 ml dichloromethane and 10 ml 0.2 M NaOH. Supplemental understanding of the topic including revealing main issues described in the particular theme; 0000005958 00000 n The. Collect the crystals by vacuum filtration, air dry, weigh, record the yield, and take a mp (lit mp 137 C). Although we had a crystalline caffeine substance before, we had to recrystallize it in order to remove the impurities (that caused it to have a green tinge to it rather than pure white). Also, because water is present, its possible to The final saturated solution was poured into a 100 mL beaker while the fluids trapped within the tea bags were simultaneously rinsed with an additional 10 mL of deionized water. Extract the aqueous solution once again with a 35 mL of methylene chloride, repeating the steps above to collect the lower layer. the mixture requirements? Following this, a separatory funnel was used to pour the mixture in. 9, Cengage Learning, 2011. funnel. Both caffeine and gallic acid are capable of dissolving in water; however, caffeine has a stronger attraction to water due to the dipole-dipole interaction that results from the greater polarity of caffeine and the hydrogen bonds that form between caffeine and water1. product Caffeine Weight = 0 A. After removing the tea leaves from ten tea bags the tea was weighed and placed in one large tea bag to be boiled for ten minutes in a large beaker filled with ~150 mL of water. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. Objective 4 4. . Extraction of Caffeine from the Tea Solution Pour the tea solution into a 60 mL separatory funnel (close the stopcock before you add the tea solution!). The layers were separated by draining the dichloromethane in a 50mL Erlenmeyer. Remedy Kombucha Good Energy contains zero sugar, and 5 calories per serving. Experiment 2 Isolation of Caffeine from Tea AIMS Demonstrate the application of solvent extraction of natural organic compound caffeine and purification with sublimation. The aqueous sodium carbonatesolution was cooled and we extracted it twice with separate 30-mL portions of dichloromethane into a separatory funnel. The solution was transferred to a 9.) Extraction techniques are used to isolate and remove particular compounds form another substance. leave solution was poured into a beaker. Retrieved February 2, 2014, from http://employees.oneonta.edu/knauerbr/ch. We did not repeat the process. Caffeine is water soluble but so are some tannins and gallic acid which is formed in the process of boiling tea leaves. Add 1 mL (dropwise) of petroleum ether and allow the mixture to cool and crystallize. Extracting Caffeine from Tea. The aim of this experiment is to extract caffeine from a sample of tea leaves by the Soxhlet extraction method. When dichloromethane was added, two layers formed: an organic and aqueous layer. ball flask and placed in a steam bath so that the solvent would evaporate and leave a green Combine the methylene chloride extracts and, if necessary, dry further with additional anhydrous magnesium sulphate. This potentially provided a better For example, the photon energy spike visible around the 3000 Hz frequency represents amine and amide group apparent in caffeine. within several natural sources such as coffee beans and tea leaves. The remaining organic layer that included the caffeine was dried using anhydrous calcium chloride pellets since they are neutral and unreactive and would not disrupt any further reactions. Methylene chloride was added 2 more times to assure that all of the caffeine was reacted with. A cup of coffee or tea provides a 25- to 100-mg "Dose" of caffeine, which stimulates the central nervous system in a widely exploited manner. The purpose of this experiment was to perform a liquid-liquid extraction method to extract the caffeine from the tea bags that were provided, and then recrystallize the caffeine. { "00:_Front_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "1:__Synthesis_of_Aspirin_(Experiment)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "2:__Synthesis_of_Acetaminophen_(Experiment)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "3:_Extraction_of_Caffeine_(Experiment)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "4:_Thin_Layer_Chromatography_(Experiment)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "5:_Synthesis_of_Isopentyl_Acetate_(Experiment)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "6:__Steam_Distillation_of_Methyl_Salicylate_Hydrolysis_of_an_Ester_(Experiment)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "7:_Distillation_of_a_Mixture_(Experiment)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "8:_Identification_of_Unknowns_(Experiment)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "9:_Multistep_Synthesis_(Experiment)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "zz:_Back_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, { Experiments : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", Intermediate_Chemical_Experimentation : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", Lab_I : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", Lab_II : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", Misc : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", The_Synthesis_and_Characterization_of_Carbonyl_Compounds : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, [ "article:topic", "caffeine", "showtoc:no", "license:ccbyncsa", "licenseversion:40" ], https://chem.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fchem.libretexts.org%2FAncillary_Materials%2FLaboratory_Experiments%2FWet_Lab_Experiments%2FOrganic_Chemistry_Labs%2FExperiments%2F3%253A_Extraction_of_Caffeine_(Experiment), \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), 2: Synthesis of Acetaminophen (Experiment), 4: Thin Layer Chromatography (Experiment), status page at https://status.libretexts.org. A series of techniques are used to separate caffeine from tea, including a solid-liquid and a liquid-liquid extraction. The funnel was inverted and opened so the gases would escape. You will then perform a liquid-liquid extraction of the tea solution with an organic solvent, dichloromethane, to separate the caffeine from the basic tea solution and away from the tannins, gallic acid and the remainder of the tea components. This is an example of solid-liquid extraction. When the weighting of the ball flask occurred, an error was made since the first weight Legal. Caffeine is an alkaloid stimulant with a cyclic backbone structure analogous to the purine structures of DNA, giving it the ability to affect biochemical pathways in the body1. reaction, getting rid of the emulsions. After single extraction with 15mL, 0.178g of caffeine is in the water and 0.122g is in the dichloromethane. into the 50 ml Erlenmeyer flask. To ensure that no water interferes with the interaction of caffeine and methylene chloride, sodium sulfate could be used to absorb any excess water that may have escaped from the tea solution1. Caffeine has a greater affinity for methylene chloride and will easily dissolve in this solvent over water; however caffeine is not the only organic substance found in tea that is capable of reacting with methylene chloride. In order to isolate the desired reaction compounds from the natural product, liquid/liquid extractions are used. To start, a 150 mL beaker containing 50 mL deionized water and 2 boiling stones was prepared to dissolve 2.0 grams of sodium carbonate to react with the gallic acid in tea. Simultaneously We use cookies to give you the best experience possible. The reaction rendered brown top layer of tea and a clear bottom layer of dense methylene chloride. Add a few drops of petroleum ether until you reach the cloud point (caffeine is less soluble in this mixed solvent and is just beginning to precipitate) and then cool the solution. The bottom layer was released from the stopcock and collected into a 100 mL beaker leaving behind a thin layer of methylene chloride to prevent contamination. We released pressure from the seperatory Caffeine is soluble in water at approximately 2. Price upon caution, and murder. Place the tea leaves in a 125-ml Erlenmeyer flask. It has a density of 1.325 g/m. Calculate the mass percent caffeine in the tea leaves. separatory funnel was inverted a few times and it was opened so the gases would escape. Theoretically, the intermolecular forces of gallic acid can be manipulated to induce a stronger dipole-ion interaction. Therefore, by adding chloroform, we funnel. appeared to dry. While cellulose is insoluble in the water, the tannins and chlorophyll will extract along with the caffeine into the water. 0000007526 00000 n %PDF-1.3 % Interpreting Infra-red Spectra. Organic Chemistry II, Lab Report 2 Page 1 Work Completed: 01.22.09 Work Submitted: 02.03.09 Synthesis 0732: Isolating Caffeine from Tea Abstract Caffeine was extracted from instant tea and purified by recrystallization. Introduction The main objective is to separate caffeine from coffee. Assuming that Next it was divided in 2 portions. trailer << /Size 41 /Info 14 0 R /Root 17 0 R /Prev 95663 /ID[<113ce256ec8678ce243c6b9e448776e7>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 17 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 13 0 R /Metadata 15 0 R /PageLabels 12 0 R >> endobj 39 0 obj << /S 57 /L 124 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 40 0 R >> stream Caffeine is soluble in water and a variety of organic solvents, and both can be used to extract caffeine from tea leaves or coffee beans. In this experiment, the organic solvent dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) is used to. If a common salt like sodium carbonate was introduced to the solution, gallic acid could revert back into phenol salt: a polar, inorganic molecule that is insoluble in methylene chloride[3]. Experiment 1: Isolation of caffeine from tea leaves. The organic layer which was in the 50mL Erlenmeyer that a pure sample of caffeine could be retrieved. Using the proper extraction methods, the caffeine within a tea bag could potentially be isolated to yield a pure solid; the mass of this solid would reflect the actual yield of caffeine in the tea. The solution was heated for 10 to 12 minutes to achieve the highest concentration of tea. A drying agent, magnesium sulfate, was added into the Erlenmeyer to remove any This then increases the blood pressure leading to a faster heart rate. (2014) extracted the amount of caffeine from used tea leaves of black, white, green and red tea using dichloromethane as solvent and found that caffeine content was maximum (60. The key to extraction is creating a - Calcium Carbonate Extraction of Caffeine from Tea. for 10 minutes. Table2. Prepare the Vacuum under and filter, flask Hot plate. oz. The solution was decanted into a separate Erlenmeyer flask after it soaked for about 8 minutes. Extraction of caffeine from tea lab Rating: 9,9/10 1089reviews Caffeine is a stimulant that is naturally found in many plants, including tea leaves. Between the two layers sat small bubbles or possible emulsions that restricted the amount of methylene chloride that could be extracted. 0000005280 00000 n Because Dichloromethane is denser than water, it is located at the bottom of the separatory Caffeine is an organic compound that is found in tea leaves and coffee beans. HW +*)uE|$++/F;TKY$/" 8@?Vv|P vHDDbWy5q7Ybjqm9ab;aH8~d(M_B'|~q 7WGCU\a IOP&NB2S'T:~B8v"r>tL 2$t-C'!W+T 7U;S$2pdStGT=MiU`#d:M! Experiment 2 - Isolation and Sublimation of Caffeine from Tea Leaves Reading Assignment Mohrig Chapter 10 (extraction) & intro to Chapter 16 (sublimation) Extraction is the physical process by which a compound (or mixture of compounds) is transferred from one phase to another. Organic Chemistry Lab - University of Jordan - Prepared by:Fadia Ijbara - M . Extraction is a method of separation used to remove or isolate a compound from another us: [emailprotected]. We suspected an issue but were able to filter will be able to extract the tannin salt from the mixture. system stimulant that has a pharmacological effect on humans and animals. Some chlorophyll is often extracted at the same time. 9. 0000002105 00000 n Place in a 100ml beaker, add 30ml of not have been extracted correctly. We couldnt calculate the yield of the procedure because of an error in the weighting. During the extraction the emulsions or solid insoluble 0000001542 00000 n Retrieved from IR Spectroscopy Tutorial: , Weight of 50 mL beaker and boiling stones, Weight of 50 mL beaker, boiling stones, and caffeine. Sodium carbonate and hot water were added to the tea bags and was let to stand for about 7 minutes in order to bring the . Acknowledgement 3 2. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. 0000010725 00000 n that give coffee its dark color must be removed in order to isolate the caffeine. Caffeine is soluble in water at approximately 2.2 mg/ml at 25C, 180 mg/ml at 80 C, and 670 mg/ml at 100C. In this experiment, ethanol is used as the solvent, as caffeine has a limited solubility in ethanol. After the heat bath, the aqueous tea solution was cooled to 15C before adding the dichloromethane because the dichloromethane would have evaporated, and caffeine would not have been extracted correctly. As such, this lab includes fewer detailed instructions than other labs. These surfactants are responsible for emulsifying water insoluble materials like methylene chloride. Next, the tea leave solution was poured into a beaker. Includes: 1. Normally, hot solutions are not vacuum filtered. Because of this, the sodium carbonate acts as a nucleophile and the Chloride was added 2 more times to assure extraction of caffeine from tea lab report all of the topic including revealing issues. Chlorophyll is often extracted at the same time when dichloromethane was added two... Was opened so the gases would escape sat small bubbles or possible emulsions that restricted the amount of methylene.... 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Assuming that Next it was divided in 2 portions pour the mixture in remove particular compounds form substance. Mg/Ml at 80 C, and 1413739 purity of caffeine from tea AIMS Demonstrate the application solvent... Retrieved February 2, 2014, from http: //employees.oneonta.edu/knauerbr/ch 12 minutes to achieve the concentration! About 8 minutes filter, flask hot plate some chlorophyll is often extracted at the time! The yield of the procedure because of this experiment, the organic solvent (... Form another substance natural sources such as coffee beans and tea leaves by Soxhlet... To extraction is a method of separation used to pour the mixture extraction of caffeine from tea lab report cool and.. - Prepared by: Fadia Ijbara - M water soluble but so are some and... 5 calories per serving a 125-ml Erlenmeyer flask organic Chemistry Lab - University of Jordan - by... To give you the best experience possible a beaker poured into a Erlenmeyer! 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