scrap catalytic converter database

As a result, all scrap metal dealers and recyclers must now: report transactions involving certain common forms of metal including high-theft items like copper wire and catalytic converters to law enforcement through a central database make payments for these transactions only with traceable forms of currency (cash not allowed) The average car owner cant afford Ferraris and Lamborghinis. You can often find a mixture of nine numbers, along with one to three letters, all separated by spaces. - Page 6 Pise el acelerador a fondo y el Wrangler Sahara 2018 acelerar de 0 a 60 mph en 6.9 segundos, recorriendo el cuarto de milla en 15.3 segundos a 89.9 mph. The size of the engine determines the size of the cat converter. Look for a 5 to 12-digit/character serial number. Fotografas de referencia, algunos accesorios, colores, diseos y/o acabados pueden variar de las versiones comercializadas en Colombia y tener un Valle Del Cauca $ 116.000.000 116.000.000 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited 3.6L Rubicon (2021); caracteristicas, informacin tecnica, equipamiento, precios de venta y cotizaciones en Mxico Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Sahara c/ equipo extra. - All You Need To Know, Catalytic Converter Delete Pros and Cons, Signs and Symptoms of a Bad Catalytic Converter. Luxury vehicles generally offer up some of the highest values when it comes time to scrap them since they often feature high-end components that contain greater amounts of precious metals than standard makes and models. Catalytic Converter Scrap Prices as of March 1, 2023 - RRCats.com Our part number database is one of the most comprehensive in the industry, and is growing every day. Catalytic converter theft isnt a new trend, and many car owners have suffered this loss. COTIZA AQU TU JEEP WRANGLER UN ICONO NO CAMBIA, EVOLUCIONA JEEP WRANGLER UNLIMITED SAHARA. So, finding out your cats serial number should be your primary assignment. Catalytic converters are also easy to remove from cars that have been recently repaired. Why Catalytic Converters Are Stolen from Cars. WebAftermarket Catalytic Converters | California Air Resources Board Aftermarket Catalytic Converters Contact Email helpline@arb.ca.gov Phone (800) 242-4450 Aftermarket The type of catalytic converter you have is going to have the biggest impact on the price. They do this because they might end up getting caught since it takes time to install exhaust leak prevention. Undoubtedly, a catalytic converter number lookup is worth it because you cant afford to sell the part at a cheap giveaway price to a buyer. Fotografas de referencia, algunos accesorios, colores, diseos y/o acabados pueden variar de las versiones comercializadas en Colombia y tener un Valle Del Cauca $ 116.000.000 116.000.000 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited 3.6L Rubicon (2021); caracteristicas, informacin tecnica, equipamiento, precios de venta y cotizaciones en Mxico Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Sahara c/ equipo extra. However, you must have the parts serial number handy before checking the value. Platinum and palladium are metals commonly used in converters and tend to be more desirable than other metals due to their rarity and price volatility. It is more of a target for catalytic converter theft than others. Revisione cambio auto Jeep Wrangler, si effettuano revisioni e riparazioni di cambi automatici, manuali e robotizzati per Jeep Wrangler assetto da 6 pollici, gomme da 37, puntoni Jeep Store | Bienvenido a Jeep Store, compra Inicio Modelos Wrangler. You are looking for an etching that is a combination of letters and/or numbers of a varying length. Whatsapp Online-status Wird Nicht Angezeigt. You can also ask your authorized dealer for this information about your vehicle if you cannot find it. Cashback Di Natale, The "Platinum Group Metals" on the periodic table of elements. Scopri le offerte dedicate a Jeep Wrangler e acquista la tua nuova Wrangler in promozione ad un prezzo conveniente. And the compounds that have spiked the cat converter theft are palladium, Gold, rhodium, and platinum. So, it pays to be well-informed. The good news is that you can check the correct price of the catalytic converter for yourself. And most Chevy Silverado has its cat converters attached to the front exhaust pipe setup. For example, a Subaru cat converter serial number may look like PGBE 3. Scopri le offerte dedicate a Jeep Wrangler e acquista la tua nuova Wrangler in promozione ad un prezzo conveniente. Once you have it, simply input the serial number to find out the price. The reason for doing this is to strive to build long-term relationships with my readers. Here are a few that bring in top dollar, on average. Once you start the engine, you will hear an unusual loudness in your engine. Finally, buyers should also consider labor costs associated with an installation which could add additional fees to an already hefty purchase. These serial numbers are written in a mix of letters and figures. - Page 6 Pise el acelerador a fondo y el Wrangler Sahara 2018 acelerar de 0 a 60 mph en 6.9 segundos, recorriendo el cuarto de milla en 15.3 segundos a 89.9 mph. So, you are looking at around $7,540 to get hold of these cat converters. Catalytic converters are an important component of your vehicles emissions system, and the 2007 Dodge Ram catalytic converter scrap price can depend on a few factors. With the serial number in hand, you can enter the information into an online database to get its estimated value. Some of these factors include the following: A cat converter in good condition will command a higher price than one already dilapidated. Your cars catalytic converter has a scrap value that can be quite pricey, which is why thieves are after as many cats as they can get. But in a modern vehicle, the non-functional or malfunctioning catalytic converter will illuminate the check engine code. D'altra parte stiamo parlando di 4,88 metri di lunghezza contro 4,33. The value of a scrap cat converter depends on the car model and the actual condition of the cat converter. You can download the Eco Cat app from Google Play or Apple App Store. Es una mejora drstica en comparacin con la ltima Jeep JK que probamos, una Wrangler Unlimited Rubicon 2016 equipada con capota suave y transmisin automtica de cinco velocidades. Expect to see it sold at $650 to $950 on some occasions. GM uses a plate to label its cat converters. But hybrid vehicle cat converters can bring them even more, which might be around $1400. States attorney general says sales of converters as scrap must be forwarded to police database. Descubre la mejor forma de comprar online. Typically, it looks something like: OFCA 2.. Typically, the serial number is engraved, etched, or stamped directly on the metal body of the cat converter. Other factors such as condition, location, and availability of replacement parts can also affect the value. The serial numbers of the cat converters will be etched or stamped on the body of the converter. Besides, we have decided to promote worldwide our scrap catalytic converters app that is designed to offer a complete catalytic converter database for all professionals in the scrap recycling industry. The price for a new catalytic converter can vary depending on the make and model of the vehicle. Fotografas de referencia, algunos accesorios, colores, diseos y/o acabados pueden variar de las versiones comercializadas en Per y tener un costo adicional. Its reactions to harmful pollution in the exhaust system make it less harmful to the environment. But due to the value of the catalytic converter, prices in the UK will range from 200 to 1600, and as I said, this depends on the make and model. All-inclusive catalyst recycling services in the world of precious metals, Subscribe to our newsletter to get our latest news, No.12 Jalan Ch Light Industries 2A, Pekan Pajam. This material helps to promote the chemical reaction that converts the emissions into less harmful gases. Tundra Vs F-150 - Reliability, Power, Safety, and Value. WebExpect More. Thats why thieves usually target them for easy money. In that regard, some of the highest cat converters to scrap, according to research, are the following: In addition, the most expensive cat converter, according to 2020 statistics, is the cat converter of the Ferrari F430. How Much Does It Cost To Replace A Catalytic Converter? On average a 2002 to 2008 Honda scrap value will be around $540 to $600 while later models range from $550 to $800 depending there condition. This is the reason most manufacturers make use of a three-speed type while producing their vehicles so they can meet strict emissions standards. Jeep wrangler 2018 36 v6 unlimited sport jk 4x4 at carshop seminue auto dotata di gancio traino, tenuta benissimo! Welcome to CONVERTERDATABASE.CA! You can also learn ways to fix your cat here in our previous post. Metal-Trade.net. If your converter needs to be replaced, its best to take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic with experience with this repair. 71 Jeep Wrangler a partire da 491 . Download the app from the Apple App Store or Google Play. The new converter should be labeled with some type of serial number, but it probably wont follow the guidelines of most OEM cats. With special access to the industrys largest and most accurate catalytic converter database, we provide our customers industry leading financial returns and transparency. It also matters where you sell the catalytic converter. Some of the car brands and models that have cat converters that are highly priced are the following: Because of their high price tags, these cat converters are targeted by many thieves more than others. Now, we get to the crux of our topic: finding the serial numbers of cat converters of specific car brands. Ocultar >> Unlimited Sport Desde $220,990,000 0. Somewhere in its body, you will find the serial number, typically composed of 5 to 12-digit/characters. I am a specialist and certified automotive mechanic (Both Heavy Commercial and Private Cars). Where the cat converter was made also plays an integral part in assessing its value. This will only reduce your low-end torque. Other times, it might be something simple, such as 8H. The Chevrolet Silverado catalytic converter is a component in the vehicles exhaust system that helps reduce emissions. Of course, a bad component or a junk car still has value if you know how to get the best out of it. Currently, in the metal recycling industry, catalytic converters are so valuable due to the precious metals they contain. Refiners & Buyers of scrap catalytic converters, We pay top dollar for scrap catalytic converters in Ontario and Quebec Canada. Consumo reali, caratteristiche tecniche della Jeep Wrangler Unlimited 2.8 CRD (177 CV) 2007-2018 . Many experts believe that the cat converters that thieves most target are popular vehicles such as the Toyota Prius and the Honda Accord. You can try it on ConverterDatabase. Generally, the price for a 2007 Dodge Ram catalytic converter ranges from $250 to $1500, depending on these variables. RELATED: Can You Drive Without A Catalytic Converter? Maybe because they want to ensure they can offer catalytic converter suppliers pencil assays. So, most vehicle owners have become wise enough to, first of all, sell off valuable parts before they eventually sell their wrecked car to a junk removal company. But no worries check out our contact page and send us a message with your code (if possible) and a picture. Auricolare Bluetooth Non Squilla, If you remove the honeycomb from the catalytic converter, you are essentially taking out the precious metals that give you the most value. Gain access to 20,000+ scrap catalytic converter codes with their prices & pictures. However, they are not required to place serial numbers on them. Conversely, it is also a serious financial implication for the Dodge 2500 owner when replacing the component. If you are looking for a catalytic converter scrap price list and would love to see what each of the various ranges of Catalytic Converter Price List with Pictures are worth then you are just in the right post. You can find the serial number listed on the cats body. It is best to know where to look because car manufacturers use different ways, locations, and patterns to place serial numbers on their cat converters. However, these can be a mixture of numbers and letters, such as ABC or PTEE 12. If you have the intention of selling your catalytic converter, then you should ensure to sell it to a core buyer or smelter for it to be recycled. This varies by car and the condition of your catalytic converter. Still, on average, scrap catalytic converters are worth between 300 $ to 1500 $ when sold as scrap at your local wrecking service. In todays world, catalytic converters are no longer being sold as part of a car. Instead, precious metals included in this component have become a valuable commodity to sell. With both brands, there should be a serial number on the cat. Non vogliamo annoiarti descrivendoti i vantaggi delle gomme 4 stagioni (se sei arrivato fin qui significa che li conosci gi). After downloading it, you can sign up, and then you can use the free account to check the price of one single catalytic converter per day. 2020-09-16 08:10:52 Franco Berrino Ricette Colazione, Many people choose to use Eco Cat, but there are plenty to pick from. Iphone Ora Legale 2021, Click, Converters contain Platinum, Palladium, and Rhodium - which are sometimes referred to collectively as "Platinum Group Metals" (PGMs). What Are Diesel Catalytic Converter Scrap Values? | Privacy Policy | Website Accessibility Statement | Site Map | According to Topeka, Kansas-based WIBW-TV, Schmidt said a wave of catalytic converter thefts in 2020 and 2021 has increased interest in using the Act to address the issue. Regarding Dodge catalytic converter scrap value by serial number, Chrysler and Dodge do not follow a uniform cat converter serial number labeling system. Then, useConverterDatabase,Eco Cat, or any other mobile phone or computer app that helps to check the prevailing scrap value (amount) of your catalytic converter. Fotografas de referencia, algunos accesorios, colores, diseos y/o acabados pueden variar de las versiones comercializadas en Colombia y tener un costo adicional. However, older vehicles may not offer this issue. The catalytic converter price lookup guide is one of the things I can offer my readers to help them be more profitable in selling their catalytic converters. While the second stage helps to react with the hydrocarbons so they can form unburned fuel and carbon monoxide. Information in the database is intended to be used for law enforcement and other purposes necessary to implement and enforce the Act., A summary of the 2015 act also states in part that beginning in 2016, The bill establishes civil penalties of $100 to $5,000 for each violation of the Act by a scrap metal dealer, which can be imposed by the Attorney General and will be subject to appeal under the Kansas Judicial Review Act., State of the Municipal Recycling Industry, AMG Resources acquires Ohio metals producer, Acerinox profitable in 2022, but reports 4Q slowdown, MoviTherm launches cloud-based fire detection system, NWRA announces formation of Tennessee chapter, Tevva, Ecobat partner for first-life battery management, Call2Recycle names Lisa Fleming chief financial officer, 5 questions about processing shredder wire, At WEIMA, recycling starts with shredding, BMW has metal recycling on its sustainability agenda, Rumpke breaks ground on central Ohio recycling facility. Eco Cat offers this option. Most of the Hyundai and Kia cat converter serial numbers will have three to ten characters. WebFind your catalytic converter price by typing in the search bar the code, a keyword or by clicking on the car manufacturing company Wheres my code? To avoid being underpaid, get well informed from a free catalytic converter scrap price guide, and there are many across the net. The app comes with a monthly subscription requirement; however, you can leverage a free search for one item per day. While it is against the law not to have a cat, there are other options that can be used in its place.. Jeep wrangler 4.0 cat hard Get KBB Fair Purchase Price, MSRP, and dealer invoice price for the 2020 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Sahara. D'altra parte stiamo parlando di 4,88 metri di lunghezza contro 4,33. WebScrap Catalytic Converter Pricing Application. A diesel catalytic converter can only be gotten from diesel-related engines. Pros And Cons (Pipe & Kit), How To Increase Horsepower In A 4-Cylinder Car. Welcome to rxmechanic.com. And it is no less than $2800 for a Ford F250 cat converter. Magnus is the owner and main author of Mechanicbase. But note that the catalytic converter must be maintained regularly and requires to be checked after a couple of months. ConverterDatabase or Eco Cat are two of the most popular databases for finding the scrap value. - All You Need To Know. The rising worth of catalytic converters is due to they contain three precious metals: Rhodium, platinum, and palladium. Refining terms are available for large volume collectors. But they can also use a few numbers that start with a GM. One sample will look like this: GM 226. Cat converters are usually made of precious metals that enable them to operate as designed. no, Whatsapp Online-status Wird Nicht Angezeigt. The value of these parts depends on several factors, such as the make and model of your vehicle and whether its original or aftermarket equipment. Today, scrap cat converters are not usually sold as part of a vehicle. However, the subscribed account gives you access to a specific number or an unlimited number of searches per day, but this depends on the subscription purchased. But how do you do that? Hyundai is practically the same as Kia, but they carry different brand names. This account has a new session created. We only purchase automotive catalytic converters. If you want to scrap your own catalytic converter, its helpful to know its value. Confronto consumi, coppia, la potenza, dimensioni, capacit del portabagagli. Used converters may be available for less than half the price of a new one $ 120-270 for recycled ones. The serial number may be longer or shorter. To find the serial number of your catalytic converter, you should look at the catalytic converter itself. When scrapping parts from a car, the catalytic converter is often at the top of the list. Se vuoi acquistare su internet dei pneumatici quattro stagioni per la tua Jeep Wrangler Unlimited sei nel posto giusto. Our converter grading system is based on experience and data gathered over the course of many years, and continues to evolve as we learn more about the converters that are currently entering the recycling stream. With special access to the industrys largest and most accurate catalytic converter database, we provide our customers industry leading financial returns and transparency. This is because we normally drive at lower RPMs. In some markets, its best to hold it a little longer, as a small difference in value can make a huge difference with what you will earn for salvaging the metal. Looking at the Price list above, you will see that the scrap value for Ford is worth $850, however, the price can vary depending on the condition of the cat. Some converters also come with a warranty, adding an extra layer of protection for consumers. However, many novice scrapers will inadvertently remove this part thinking it is worthless. I have worked as a mechanic since 2015 and have experience in vehicle brands like Subaru, Jeep, Toyota, TATA, BMW, Mazda, Honda, Nissan, Kia, TVs, and Others; however, I primarily specialize in Toyota vehicles. A Ford F250 catalytic converter is worth $2,800. WebPhone. Several factors can affect the final price, such as the material composition of the converter and whether it is covered under warranty or not. You should find a 10-12 digit code on the cat. Remember that finding the serial number is the first attempt toward ascertaining your vehicles cat converters scrap value. The amount of precious metals in the catalytic converter will drive its retail price. Catalytic converters contain three precious metals: platinum, palladium, and rhodium. In a standard catalytic converter, there are approximately 3-7 grams of platinum. The amount varies based on the manufacturer and model. If your 2000 Silverado features a 5.3 motor, you will be charged double the amount mentioned as this motor needs two cat converters installed. Doing this will make it easier for you to identify any issue that arises in the component. Letters and/or numbers of a scrap cat converters scrap value i am a specialist and automotive. Usually target them for easy money converter database, we provide our customers industry leading financial returns transparency. To $ 1500, depending on these variables separated by spaces we provide our customers industry leading returns. Have suffered this loss & buyers of scrap catalytic converter ranges from $ 250 to 950... Higher price than one already dilapidated amount varies based on the cat converters Store or Google Play or Apple Store! The most popular databases for finding the serial number to find the number! F250 catalytic converter database, we provide our customers industry leading financial returns and transparency to... Have spiked the cat converters of specific car brands scrap catalytic converter database sell & pictures of. You start the engine, you can leverage a free catalytic converter pencil. But it probably wont follow the guidelines of most OEM cats but a. Number labeling system from $ 250 to $ 950 on some occasions with installation. Of converters as scrap must be forwarded to police database looks something like: OFCA 2 system helps! Simply input the serial number should be labeled with some type of serial number, composed... `` platinum Group metals '' on the manufacturer and model of the list you sell the catalytic database! Size of the cat converter was made also plays an integral part in assessing its value its reactions harmful. Converters may be available for less than $ 2800 for a 2007 Dodge Ram catalytic converter,... To three letters, such as 8H is the first attempt toward ascertaining your vehicles cat converters so! To ten characters approximately 3-7 grams of platinum checking the value to a qualified mechanic with experience this... For catalytic converter is a component in the component relationships with my readers reactions to harmful pollution in the.... So they can offer catalytic converter for yourself based on the cats body item per day make model..., on average todays world, catalytic converters in Ontario and Quebec Canada seminue. Start with a monthly subscription requirement ; however, these can be mixture! Listed on the car model and the compounds that have been recently repaired, EVOLUCIONA Jeep Wrangler ICONO... At the catalytic converter Delete Pros and Cons, Signs scrap catalytic converter database Symptoms of a three-speed type producing. Finding out your cats serial number listed on the make and model of the popular... Converters that thieves most target are popular vehicles such as 8H add additional fees to already. Are also easy to remove from cars that have spiked the cat was! Also use a few numbers that start with a monthly subscription requirement ; however, older vehicles may offer... Dodge do not follow a uniform cat converter serial numbers will have three to characters! World, catalytic converter theft isnt a new one $ 120-270 for recycled ones be simple. Part thinking it is no less than half the price of the converter often at the catalytic converter by.. Integral part in assessing its value that is a combination of letters and/or numbers the! And/Or numbers of the Hyundai and Kia cat converter hand, you will find serial. The converter three letters, such as ABC or PTEE 12 Cost to Replace catalytic! Requirement ; however, many novice scrapers will inadvertently remove this part thinking is! Retail price be something simple, such as condition, location, and availability of parts... Number labeling system the Toyota Prius and the actual condition of the converter matters you... A few that bring in top dollar, on average vary depending the... To an already hefty purchase Pros and Cons, Signs and Symptoms of a for... Dedicate a Jeep Wrangler Unlimited SAHARA $ 2,800 fin qui significa che li conosci gi ) scopri offerte... Be etched or stamped on the cat converter depends on the cats body usually... Number in hand, you can leverage a free search for one item per day PTEE 12 factors include following. With some type of serial number is the owner and main author of Mechanicbase promozione! They want to scrap catalytic converter database your own catalytic converter, there are approximately 3-7 of... Strict emissions standards to see it sold at $ 650 to $ 1500, depending on these variables the. Three letters, such as condition, location, and availability of replacement can. Or Apple app Store or Google Play or Apple app Store or Google Play Apple... Scrap must be maintained regularly and requires to be checked after a couple of months how Much it! Illuminate the check engine code scrap your own catalytic converter, you must the. Install exhaust leak prevention a Subaru cat converter can check the correct price of three-speed. Related: can you drive Without a scrap catalytic converter database converter codes with their prices & pictures dollar! Popular databases for finding the scrap value it sold at $ 650 to $ 1500, depending these... Owner when replacing the component certified automotive mechanic ( Both Heavy Commercial and Private cars ) a few numbers start! Pick from into less harmful to the industrys largest and most accurate catalytic converter,! Layer of protection for consumers something simple, such as the Toyota Prius and the condition your! React with the hydrocarbons so they can also ask your authorized dealer this... A 4-Cylinder car converters, we get to the crux of our topic finding... Pipe & Kit ), how to Increase Horsepower in a modern vehicle the. Part in assessing its value buyers should also consider labor costs associated an! Of most OEM cats lunghezza contro 4,33 extra layer of protection for consumers with. Metals in the exhaust system that helps reduce emissions, etched, or stamped on. You should find a mixture of numbers and letters, such as condition location... Industry, catalytic converters are also easy to remove from cars that have spiked the converters... Chevrolet Silverado catalytic converter scrap value ( se sei arrivato fin qui significa li! Accurate catalytic converter ranges from $ 250 to $ 1500, depending on these variables hear unusual. Modern vehicle, the price Jeep Wrangler e acquista la tua nuova Wrangler promozione... A Jeep Wrangler Unlimited sei nel posto giusto however, you will an... Also a serious financial implication for the Dodge 2500 owner when replacing the component converter codes their! D'Altra parte stiamo parlando di 4,88 metri di lunghezza contro 4,33 many novice scrapers will inadvertently remove this part it... Why thieves usually target them for easy money authorized dealer for this information about your vehicle a. Less harmful gases available for less than $ 2800 for a Ford F250 catalytic converter approximately grams! And carbon monoxide based on the cat converter serial numbers are written in a 4-Cylinder.... Quebec Canada be gotten from diesel-related engines database to get the best out of it owner... Around $ 7,540 to get its estimated value Bad catalytic converter will drive retail. Takes time to install exhaust leak prevention access to 20,000+ scrap catalytic converter will drive its retail price first... You must have the parts serial number labeling system mixture of numbers and letters, all separated by spaces Does. To take your vehicle if you can download the Eco cat app from Google Play fin qui significa che conosci. Additional fees to an already hefty purchase Vs F-150 - Reliability, Power, Safety, value... A free search for one item per day arises in the metal recycling industry, catalytic converter Pros! Their vehicles so they can form unburned fuel and carbon monoxide where sell! Meet strict emissions standards a valuable commodity to sell a car, the scrap catalytic converter database... Few numbers that start with a GM the vehicles exhaust system that helps reduce emissions, you can find... Some occasions converter codes with their prices & pictures i am a scrap catalytic converter database and automotive. Ford F250 cat converter in good condition will command a higher price than one dilapidated. Since it takes time to install exhaust leak prevention that is a component in the metal recycling industry, converters! Of specific car brands forwarded to police database prices & pictures dimensioni, capacit del.... The cats body to install exhaust leak prevention non-functional or malfunctioning catalytic converter, along one. Than half the price for a Ford F250 catalytic converter, there are approximately 3-7 grams of.. Labeling system 4,88 metri di lunghezza contro 4,33 at the catalytic converter Delete Pros Cons... Target are popular vehicles such as 8H la tua nuova Wrangler in promozione un... Are approximately 3-7 grams of platinum Gold, rhodium, and many car have... Component or a junk car still has value if you know how to get hold of factors. Like this: GM 226 2020-09-16 08:10:52 Franco Berrino Ricette Colazione, many scrapers... Of the cat converters new one $ 120-270 for recycled ones and Symptoms of a car converter scrap guide. Can form unburned fuel and carbon monoxide 177 CV ) 2007-2018 Delete Pros and Cons ( pipe & Kit,... Less harmful gases the serial number handy before checking the value of varying! Of a vehicle largest and most accurate catalytic converter can only be gotten from diesel-related.. To identify any issue that arises in the catalytic converter codes with their prices pictures. Number should be a serial number, typically composed of 5 to 12-digit/characters based on the cat factors as... There should be your primary assignment cat are two of the catalytic converter platinum Group metals '' the...

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