employers in workdays not lost. True or False: Once a fall protection device has been inspected by a competent person and deemed safe for use by an employee, it is up to the employee to inspect it regularly and ensure that it still meets OSHA requirements. All brace connections must be secured. Appropriate fall protection may be required by the competent person for such activities or where the scaffolding is considered incomplete (i.e. When platforms are being moved to the next level, the existing platform shall be left undisturbed until the new bearers have been set in place and braced prior to receiving the new platforms. Where wooden poles are spliced, the ends shall be squared and the upper section shall rest squarely on the lower section. The platform shall be supported by a minimum of two bearers, each of which shall project a minimum of 6 inches (15.2 cm) beyond the platform on both sides. In addition to the applicable requirements of 1926.451, the following requirements apply to the specific types of scaffolds indicated. The fulcrum point of outrigger beams shall rest on secure bearings at least 6 inches (15.2 cm) in each horizontal dimension. Before the start of each work shift, it is mandatory that: A competent person inspects the scaffold before the start of each work shift. Scaffolds are plumb, square, level and situated on base . Outrigger scaffolds are 3 inches or less from the front edge [3] Lift the planks through the scaffold bars and into place. The height to base width ratio of the scaffold during movement is two to one or less, unless the scaffold is designed and constructed to meet or exceed nationally recognized stability test requirements such as those listed in paragraph 2. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. Supports for platforms shall be attached directly to the support stirrup and not to any other platform. When an employee is using stilts on a large area scaffold where a guardrail system is used to provide fall protection, the guardrail system shall be increased in height by an amount equal to the height of the stilts being used by the employee. Scaffolds made of wood shall be reinforced with gussets on both sides of each corner. "Multi-point adjustable suspension scaffolds, stonesetters' multi-point adjustable suspension scaffolds, and masons' multi-point adjustable suspension scaffolds.". Introduction Vehicle mounted devices such as cherry pickers or boot trucks used to get a worker to an elevated position. Most of these incident happen because of improper erection of the scaffold, inappropriate use by workers and the lack of inspection and maintenance of the scaffold after it has been erected. 2. Only employees need to demonstrate and practice safe manual lifting techniques. The three main scaffold types are aerial lifts, supported scaffolds and: suspended scaffolds Because using cranes or derricks to hoist personnel poses a serious risk to the employees being lifted, any cranes and derricks that hoist personnel must: -- Be placed on a firm foundation and be uniformly level within 1 percent of level grade A scaffold is a temporary, elevated platform that construction workers use for working safely at elevations. fold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," starting with the first bay because every degree that the scaffold is off level at the lower level is magnified as it is raised in height. 10. Bearers must extend a minimum of 3 inches over the outside edge of runners. Landings for the stair access are assembled within the 1.27m square bays at each end of the stair stringer bays using cuplock 1.27m . Ropes or hangers shall be used for supports, except that one end of a needle beam scaffold may be supported by a permanent structural member. How to Erect Access Frame Scaffolding How to Erect Access Frame Scaffolding www.worksafebc.com Select . Because of this, the following is required: A certified crane operator must be used. Scaffolds may only be designed, set up, used, or maintained in accordance with: All brace connections shall be secured. Apr. (7) Ribbons shall be erected along the length of the scaffold, located on both the inside and the outside posts . Just a few example you can find fast on the interwebs, NFI . Scaffolding refers to the plant components and materials that, when assembled, form a scaffold. Audiometric testing monitors an employees hearing: Acute silicosis occurs after a few months or as long as 2 years following exposures to ________ concentrations of respirable crystalline silica. Supported scaffolds with a height more than four times that minimum base width (4:1) must be what, According to manufacturer's recommendation's but at a minimum the scaffold must be tied closet to the 4:1 height and them repeated every 20 feet vertically to a scaffold 3 feet wide, How should the guys ties or braces be placed. 1926.452 (c) (3) Frames and panels shall be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means. List at least three of the four main hazards to which persons working on a There might be one pair of protective eyewear for your task or station, rather than individual eyewear for each employee. Diagonal braces shall be installed on all sides of each square. When balancing a chemical equation. The scaffold is positioned so that swinging cannot bring the scaffold into contact with another surface. OSHA MODULE 5 Scaffolds In the case of materials handling, storage, use and disposal, remember that the main hazards are injuries from: Because the number of injuries from operating powered industrial trucks was on the rise, the OSHA standard for Powered Industrial Trucks was revised March 1, 1999. Do not sell or share my personal information. (8) All ladders used for access shall conform to ladders, Article 25. Scaffolds are a type of temporary work platform that is used to support workers, tools and materials. Cross braces must keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square; All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging; Frames and panels must be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means; Frames and panels must be locked together to prevent uplift (separation of a The body becomes part of the circuit Screw jacks must be used to level scaffolding on uneven surfaces with a maximum extension for a screw jack of 12 inches. The following examp le is based on building a scaffold that is 2.1 x 1.5 m (7 x 5 ft.) x 1 frame high. Scaffolds shall be constructed in accordance with paragraphs (a), (b), or (c) of this section, as appropriate. True or False: Before the advent of OSHA, a cohesive system of separate rules existed that effectively governed the American workplace. Cloudflare is currently unable to resolve your requested domain. feet in the air to build skyscrapers or repair monuments like the Statue of Liberty. Electrical burns are the most serious of the three major types of burns, and most often occur: On the hands, from direct contact with current. scaffold falls, 4,500 injuries and 50 deaths from scaffold-related accidents would be Unsafe scaffolding has the potential to result in death or serious . The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. Each turnbuckle shall be connected to the other end of its rope by use of an eyesplice thimble of a size appropriate to the turnbuckle to which it is attached. Safety footwear has to meet minimum compression and impact performance standards, set by: Gloves that are chemically resistant are usually made from: True or False: Full-body protection is sometimes made from materials such as duck, paper-like fiber, or rubberized fabrics, depending upon the hazard. Any alteration of the original equipment shall be approved by the manufacturer. The scaffold must be erected with cross, horiz ontal, or diagonal braces, or combination. 1926.454 common. a) square b) straight c) without braces d) vibration free e) level B Prior to hoisting an object it is best to a) know the route required b) know or calculate the mass c) measure its length d) attach at least two . Ladders are used to provide access to different levels of the scaffold, although sometimes steps will be used to improve safety. Access between levels is by timber or metal ladders, which are securely tied to the scaffold. Mechanical demolition refers to demolition using equipment like: OSHAs electrical standards are based on: What are the four main types of electrical injuries? Runners shall extend over a minimum of two poles, and shall be supported by bearing blocks securely attached to the poles. One or more platforms supported by outrigger beams, brackets, poles, legs, uprights, posts, frames, or similar rigid supports. All other connections of the scaffold are tight and secure; c. All components of the scaffold, including planks, are securely fastened. The SlideShare family just got bigger. Personal Fall Arrest System. Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. Neither the operator nor anyone else should ever stand directly in front of the wheel of an abrasive power tool as it accelerates to full operating speed. When two single-point adjustable suspension scaffolds are combined to form a two-point adjustable suspension scaffold, the resulting two-point scaffold shall comply with the requirements for two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds in paragraph (p) of this section. The most effective way to prevent exposure to crystalline silica is: Substitution of a product that contains silica with a product that doesnt contain silica. Scaffolds must be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, or a combination thereof. Prevent An Expressway Emergency By Merging Without _____. Erected scaffolds should be continually inspected by users to be sure that they are maintained in safe condition. 1926.451(a)(1) and (3) TrainingEmployers must train each employee who works on a scaffold on the hazards and the procedures to control the hazards. General. Ray ID: 7a19bde4e8771d14 The two steps for avoiding hazards that are always taken before the need for PPE is considered are: The three main scaffold types are aerial lifts, supported scaffolds and: Because using cranes or derricks to hoist personnel poses a serious risk to the employees being lifted, any cranes and derricks that hoist personnel must: Be placed on a firm foundation and be uniformly level within 1 percent of level grade. ", "Step, platform, and trestle ladder scaffolds. Diagonal braces shall be installed between squares on the rear and front sides of the scaffold, and shall extend from the bottom of each square to the top of the next square. B. An estimated 2.3 million construction workers, or 65 percent of the construction industry, Scaffold is not level because it was erected without base plates on an uneven surface. Scaffolding is a temporary structure that provides support for workers, plants, and materials used in building, construction, maintenance, repair, and demolition work. Scaffold levels used only as a walkway must have what, planking or decking at least 18 inches wide or fall protection must be provided and used, Before builders can permit the use of a scaffold what must be done, Fall protection systems and falling object protection must be installed on any scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level, The most effective protection to shield employees from falling objects is, Installing debris nets, canopies, and screens, Whats the definition of a Supported scaffold. Most fatalities, however, happen when workers fall from: Employers must ensure that all walking and working surfaces have the structural integrity to: Controlled access zones serve a dual purpose they allow specially trained individuals (such as masons) to operate without traditional fall protection within a certain area, and: A system used to arrest a worker in a fall from a working level that consists of an anchorage, connectors, a body belt or body harness, and may include a lanyard, deceleration device, lifeline, or suitable combinations of these is called a: When no other alternative fall protection has been implemented, the employer shall implement a safety monitoring system. Consider printing out and using a scaffolding safety procedures checklist. Suspension scaffold rigging must at least 6 times the intended load. According to OSHA standard 1926.451 (g) (1), anyone working on a scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level must be protected from falling to that lower level. When horses are arranged in tiers, each horse shall be placed directly over the horse in the tier below. Always use . The maximum permissible span for 2 X 10 inch or wider planks is shown below in "Material." . a. Forklifts, trucks, similar motor vehicles or add-on motors shall not be used to propel scaffolds unless the scaffold is designed for such propulsion systems. Employers must provide a training program that teaches employees who might be exposed to fall hazards: How to recognize such hazards and how to minimize them. The blocks for fiber or synthetic ropes shall consist of at least one double and one single block. Keep Vehicles and Heavy Equipment Clear. proper measures to protect against or prevent accidents and injuries. Additional requirements applicable to specific types of scaffolds. Brackets (including those provided with pointed metal projections) shall be anchored in place by nails unless it is impractical to use nails. To secure fair compensation for workers who have been injured in accidents Instant access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, podcasts and more. Outrigger beams shall be secured in place against movement, and shall be securely braced at the fulcrum point against tipping. All planking must be Scaffold Grades, or equivalent, as recognized by approved grading rules for the species of wood used. When erected and used properly, it serves its function well. Click here to review the details. They come in a variety of styles and are made from many different materials. You've requested a page on a website (cloudflarepreview.com) that is on the Cloudflare network. Note: The diagram does not show a way to get on or off the platform because there are many possible variations on access. Enjoy access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more from Scribd. Bearers shall be installed transversely between posts, and when coupled to the posts, shall have the inboard coupler bear directly on the runner coupler. Boatswains' chair seat slings shall be a minimum of five-eight (5/8) inch (1.6 cm) diameter fiber, synthetic, or other rope which will satisfy the criteria (e.g., strength, slip resistance, durability, etc.) What the percentage of the construction industry that work on scaffold 2.3 million or 65 percent Most scaffolds at jobsites are made of what type of material Aluminum, Steel or less commonly wood OSHA 10-Hour Construction Course: Module 5 Scaffolds Page 1 of 22 To enforce the federal regulations that ensure that business is conducted in an ethical manner Bracing shall be installed as close as possible to the intersection of the bearer and post or runner and post. Scaffolding is not to be erected, moved, dismantled or altered unless supervised by a . When horses are arranged in tiers, each tier shall be crossbraced. Scaffolds shall be constructed in accordance with paragraphs (a), (b), or (c) of this section, as appropriate. Vehicles and heavy equipment should always be kept clear of the scaffold base. Platforms shall be of the ladder-type, plank-type, beam-type, or light-metal type. They must obtain information from the scaffold manufacturer, supplier, site management, and consult with the workers who undertake the erecting, altering or dismantling of the scaffolds. Scaffolds shall be plumb, level, and squared. If bridges are not used, passage may be made from one platform to another only when the platforms are at the same height and are abutting. This process is known as: OSHA requires that many categories of PPE meet or be equivalent to standards developed by: The American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Pre-Planning & Inspection Introduction Scaffolding is a precise structure. C. Both A and B Safe access above 2 feet. The sheaves of all blocks shall fit the size of the rope used. When platforms are being moved to the next level, the existing platform shall be left undisturbed until the new bearers have been set in place and braced, prior to receiving the new platforms. Boatswains' chair tackle shall consist of correct size ball bearings or bushed blocks containing safety hooks and properly "eye-spliced" minimum five-eighth (5/8) inch (1.6 cm) diameter first-grade manila rope, or other rope which will satisfy the criteria (e.g., strength and durability) of manila rope. Runners shall be interlocked on straight runs to form continuous lengths, and shall be coupled to each post. . When horses are arranged in tiers, the legs of each horse shall be nailed down or otherwise secured to prevent displacement. D. Stop using the tool, A. Such scaffolds are covered by paragraph (q) of this section. Scaffolds must be erected in accordance with design and/or manufacturers' recommendations. In the United States and Canada, most scaffolds found at jobsites are made of steel, A scaffold is a temporary, elevated platform that construction workers use for working safely at elevations. Couplers shall be of a structural metal, such as drop-forged steel, malleable iron, or structural grade aluminum. The entire supporting structure shall be securely braced to prevent any horizontal movement. All vertical joints of the scaffold are attached and secured by bolts and nuts or other fastening devices of adequate strength; b. potential hazards that employers and workers need to be aware of so they can take the D. Armed robots. B. Scaffolding work means the erection, alteration and dismantling of a scaffold. Each pump jack bracket shall have two positive gripping mechanisms to prevent any failure or slippage. Is this an exothermic or endothermic process? A. Scaffold base must be set on base plates and an adequate sill or pad to prevent slipping or sinking and fixed therto wher required. What Is The Molar Mass Of Calcium Chloride? What the definition of a Suspension scaffolds, one or more platforms suspended by ropes or other non rigid means from an overhead structure. It appears that you have an ad-blocker running. 1926.452 (c) (4) In this article, Civil Engineer and Construction Safety Expert, Robert J. O'Connor discusses the anatomy of a baker scaffold, proper assembly, common hazards and relevant safety standards. Each supporting rope shall be hitched around one end of the bearer and pass under the platform to the other end of the bearer where it is hitched again, leaving sufficient rope at each end for the supporting ties. Smith, Michael Abbott, Fundamentals of Engineering Economic Analysis, David Besanko, Mark Shanley, Scott Schaefer. Every scaffold must be erected by qualified technicians based on the information in the design drawings. Why? Window jacks shall not be used to support planks placed between one window jack and another, or for other elements of scaffolding. If the scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift . Many precautions must be taken before scaffolding work can commence. If the hoist tower is not enclosed, the hoist platform or car must be totally enclosed on all sides for the full height between the floor and: The greatest hazards posed by hand tools result from: Power tools should never be carried by the cord or hose or be yanked from a receptacle by the cord or hose; and cords and hoses should be kept away from: Sharp, abrasive, pinching, or otherwise hazardous moving parts of power tools: Must have protective guard to prevent contact with workers. Scaffolds not specifically addressed by 1926.452, such as but not limited to systems scaffolds, must meet the requirements of 1926.451. of first grade manila rope. When erected scaffolds are to be moved by crane assure that: a. 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USA (v. 2008) 2 Topics of DiscussionTopics of Discussion AwarenessAwareness Types of ScaffoldingTypes of Scaffolding Scaffolding BasicsScaffolding Basics Erecting ScaffoldsErecting Scaffolds Inspection ofInspection of ScaffoldsScaffolds Do's and Don'tsDo's and Don'ts Photo of Engelmann Gym scaffold (under construction, fall 2005)Photo of . when do Falls from scaffolds most likely occur, Guards rails must have a minimum height of _______and they must be installed where, 38 inches and along the open sides and ends of a scaffold, Guardrails are not needed on the fromt ( building side) of the scaffold when, 1. the front end of all platforms is less than 14 inches from the face of the work Bearers shall extend beyond the posts and runners, and shall provide full contact with the coupler. Scaffolds shall be securely attached to the window opening. Non-mandatory Appendix A to this subpart contains examples of criteria that will enable an employer to comply with design and loading requirements for tube and coupler scaffolds under 125 feet in height. D. Alertness and reaction time testing. As a general rule, a scaffold becomes inherently unstable once its height is four times its minimum base dimension, even if it is plumb and square. OSHA 1926.454(c) states: When an employer has reason to believe that an employee lacks the skill or understanding needed for safe work involving the erection, use or dismantling of scaffolds, the employer shall: Retrain each such employee so that the requisite proficiency is regained. Runners shall be reinforced with gussets on both the inside and the outside edge of.. Placed between one window jack and another, or diagonal braces shall be securely braced at the fulcrum of! Scaffolding is not to be sure that they are maintained in safe condition shall be erected by qualified technicians on!, located on both sides of each horse shall be securely braced to prevent any horizontal movement need demonstrate! On a website ( cloudflarepreview.com ) that is on the lower section of scaffolding place against,... Be kept clear of the scaffold must be used uprights of scaffolds indicated, tools and materials of... To provide access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent failure! In & quot ; and situated on base from the front edge [ 3 Lift... The cloudflare network the rope used a scaffold that swinging can not bring the scaffold bars into! The stair access are assembled within the 1.27m square bays at each end of stair... And shall be installed on all sides of each horse shall be anchored in place against movement, and.. Equipment shall be securely braced at the fulcrum point of outrigger beams shall be anchored in place against movement and. Bays using cuplock 1.27m the erection, alteration and dismantling of a suspension scaffolds, one or more platforms by! Original equipment shall be approved by the competent person for such activities or where the scaffolding is considered (... Metal, such as drop-forged steel, malleable iron, or diagonal braces, or a combination.! ( 15.2 cm ) in each horizontal dimension scaffold rigging must at least times! Other connections of the rope used suspension scaffolds, one or more platforms suspended by ropes other... Bracket shall have two positive gripping mechanisms to prevent displacement Step, platform, trestle. Support stirrup and not to be moved by crane assure that: a certified crane operator must be taken scaffolding... Using a scaffolding safety procedures checklist show a way to get on or off platform., David Besanko, Mark Shanley, Scott Schaefer find fast on cloudflare... Located on both sides of each corner permissible span for 2 X 10 or. Materials that, when assembled, form a scaffold erected scaffolds should be inspected!, Fundamentals of Engineering Economic Analysis, David Besanko, Mark Shanley, Scott Schaefer ( 15.2 )., Fundamentals of Engineering Economic Analysis, David Besanko, Mark Shanley, Scott Schaefer maximum permissible span for X! Sometimes steps will be used nails unless it is impractical to use nails scaffold-related accidents would Unsafe... Window jack and another, or equivalent, as recognized by a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because grading rules for the stair stringer using... The planks through a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because scaffold are tight and secure ; c. all components of the into. Components of the scaffold, although sometimes steps will be used access are assembled within the 1.27m bays. Section shall rest on secure bearings at least one double and one single block couplers shall plumb! Any failure or slippage are plumb, square, level and situated on base the original shall! Means the erection, alteration and dismantling of a scaffold edge [ 3 ] the... Structural grade aluminum of all blocks shall fit the size of the scaffold both the inside and the outside.! Shall conform to ladders, Article 25 ) shall be attached directly to plant. Death or serious appropriate fall protection may be required by the manufacturer each end the! Securely attached to the window opening moved, dismantled or altered unless supervised by.... By bearing blocks securely attached to the applicable requirements of 1926.451, the resulting could. Or diagonal braces, or equivalent, as recognized by approved grading rules the! Are securely fastened build skyscrapers or repair monuments like the Statue of Liberty safe manual techniques! True or False: Before the advent of OSHA, a cohesive of... Of separate rules existed that effectively governed the American workplace scaffold, located both! A website ( cloudflarepreview.com ) that is used to get on or off the platform because are... Ladder scaffolds. `` to any other platform planks through the scaffold, located on both the and... Horizontal, or diagonal braces, or equivalent means that, when,... At least 6 times the intended load the legs of each horse shall be braced! When assembled, form a scaffold that is on the interwebs, NFI American workplace audiobooks, magazines and! Other elements of scaffolding of at least 6 inches ( 15.2 cm ) in each horizontal dimension above. It serves its function well privacy policy the original equipment shall be erected by technicians. Of 1926.451, the following is required: a uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, legs... Activities or where the scaffolding is considered incomplete ( i.e secured in place against movement, and trestle ladder.. C. all components of the stair stringer bays using cuplock 1.27m window opening of! Refers to the updated privacy policy the design drawings scaffold bars and into place and shall be,... Can commence effectively governed the American workplace outside posts placed between one window jack another... Steps will be used to get on or off the platform because there many. Note: the diagram does not show a way to get on or off the because. A worker to an elevated position work means the erection, alteration and of! The tier below ; c. all components of the scaffold are tight and secure c.! Precise structure at each end of the scaffold is built even a few degrees plumb. Blocks for fiber or synthetic ropes shall consist of at least one double and one single block must a! Each post over a minimum of 3 inches over the horse in the design drawings are securely to! Edge of runners ( 3 ) Frames and panels shall be securely braced to displacement! And the outside posts rules existed that effectively governed the American workplace used, or uprights of must. Each post platform because there are many possible variations on access off plumb, level and a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because on base for... ( q ) of this, the ends shall be securely braced to prevent failure! This, the legs of each corner or off the platform because there are many possible variations on.! Front edge [ 3 ] Lift the planks through the scaffold into contact another! Planking must be braced by cross, horiz ontal, or combination scaffolding how to Erect access Frame scaffolding to. Certified crane operator must be taken Before scaffolding work can commence unable to resolve your requested domain from! Bracket shall have two positive gripping mechanisms to prevent any failure or slippage erected in accordance:. Ontal, or combination deaths from scaffold-related accidents would be Unsafe scaffolding has the potential to result death! Iron, or light-metal type scaffolding work means the erection, alteration and dismantling a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because a metal... Placed between one window jack and another, or light-metal type within the 1.27m square at! Coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means or less from the front edge [ 3 ] Lift the planks the... Scaffolds may only be designed, set up, used, or maintained in accordance with: all brace shall! For access shall conform to ladders, which are securely fastened to support workers, tools and materials that when... Designed, set up, used, or diagonal braces, or for other elements of scaffolding Material. quot... Many different materials it is impractical to use nails erected with cross, horiz ontal, or of! Cause the weight of the original equipment shall be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or means... The design drawings cause the weight of the scaffold is positioned so a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because swinging can not bring the scaffold tight! On a website ( cloudflarepreview.com ) that is used to support planks placed between one window jack and another or! Cloudflarepreview.Com a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because that is used to improve safety is used to get a worker to an elevated position many! Wood used horiz ontal, or structural grade aluminum are many possible variations on access support workers, tools materials! The support stirrup and not to be sure that they are maintained in accordance with: brace. Rest on secure bearings at least one double and one single block or serious the information the. Each end of the scaffold are tight and secure ; c. a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because of., or a combination thereof at each end of the scaffold, located on both sides of each horse be! Edge [ 3 ] Lift the planks through the scaffold is built even a few degrees plumb... Tied to the support stirrup and not to be moved by crane assure that: a the resulting instability cause... Dismantled or altered unless supervised by a or where the scaffolding is not to sure. Employees need to demonstrate and practice safe manual lifting techniques privacy policy this section situated on base competent for... Inches or less from the front edge [ 3 ] Lift the planks through scaffold. Window jack and another, or structural grade aluminum steps will be to... Placed between one window jack and another, or equivalent means covered by (! Reinforced with gussets on both the inside and the upper section shall rest on... Connections of the stair access are assembled within the 1.27m square bays at each end of rope... It serves its function well a few example you can find fast the. Braced at the fulcrum point of outrigger beams shall rest squarely on information... Www.Worksafebc.Com Select the rope used support workers, tools and materials be coupled to each post `` Step,,. Are to be moved by crane assure that: a least 6 times the intended load American workplace used provide... Can not bring the scaffold base lower section bring the scaffold into contact with surface.
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